与之前的 Windows 10 做比较，是增加了跳过安装需求硬件检测，和添加网卡驱动inf目录路径。文件内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<unattend xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:unattend">
    <settings pass="windowsPE">
        <component name="Microsoft-Windows-Setup" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
                    <RunSynchronous>
                <RunSynchronousCommand wcm:action="add">
                    <Order>1</Order>
                    <Path>reg add HKLM\System\Setup\LabConfig /v BypassTPMCheck /t reg_dword /d 0x00000001 /f</Path>
                </RunSynchronousCommand>
                <RunSynchronousCommand wcm:action="add">
                    <Order>2</Order>
                    <Path>reg add HKLM\System\Setup\LabConfig /v BypassSecureBootCheck /t reg_dword /d 0x00000001 /f</Path>
                </RunSynchronousCommand>
                <RunSynchronousCommand wcm:action="add">
                    <Order>3</Order>
                    <Path>reg add HKLM\System\Setup\LabConfig /v BypassRAMCheck /t reg_dword /d 0x00000001 /f</Path>
                </RunSynchronousCommand>
                <RunSynchronousCommand wcm:action="add">
                    <Order>4</Order>
                    <Path>reg add HKLM\System\Setup\LabConfig /v BypassCPUCheck /t reg_dword /d 0x00000001 /f</Path>
                </RunSynchronousCommand>
                <RunSynchronousCommand wcm:action="add">
                    <Order>5</Order>
                    <Path>reg add HKLM\System\Setup\LabConfig /v BypassStorageCheck /t reg_dword /d 0x00000001 /f</Path>
                </RunSynchronousCommand>
            </RunSynchronous>
            <UserData>
                <AcceptEula>true</AcceptEula>
            </UserData>
         <DiskConfiguration>
                <WillShowUI>OnError</WillShowUI>
                <Disk wcm:action="add">
                    <CreatePartitions>
                        <CreatePartition wcm:action="add">
                            <Order>1</Order>
                            <Size>100</Size>
                            <Type>Primary</Type>
                        </CreatePartition>
                        <CreatePartition wcm:action="add">
                            <Extend>true</Extend>
                            <Order>2</Order>
                            <Type>Primary</Type>
                        </CreatePartition>
                    </CreatePartitions>
                    <ModifyPartitions>
                        <ModifyPartition wcm:action="add">
                            <Active>true</Active>
                            <Format>NTFS</Format>
                            <Label>System</Label>
                            <Order>1</Order>
                            <PartitionID>1</PartitionID>
                        </ModifyPartition>
                        <ModifyPartition wcm:action="add">
                            <Order>2</Order>
                            <PartitionID>2</PartitionID>
                            <Label>Windows</Label>
                            <Letter>C</Letter>
                            <Format>NTFS</Format>
                        </ModifyPartition>
                    </ModifyPartitions>
                    <DiskID>0</DiskID>
                    <WillWipeDisk>true</WillWipeDisk>
                </Disk>
            </DiskConfiguration>
            <ImageInstall>
                <OSImage>
                    <InstallTo>
                        <DiskID>0</DiskID>
                        <PartitionID>2</PartitionID>
                    </InstallTo>
                    <InstallFrom>
                        <MetaData wcm:action="add">
                            <Key>/IMAGE/INDEX</Key>
                            <Value>1</Value>
                        </MetaData>
                    </InstallFrom>
                    <WillShowUI>OnError</WillShowUI>
                    <InstallToAvailablePartition>false</InstallToAvailablePartition>
                </OSImage>
            </ImageInstall>
        </component>
        <component name="Microsoft-Windows-International-Core-WinPE" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
            <SetupUILanguage>
                <UILanguage>en-US</UILanguage>
            </SetupUILanguage>
            <InputLocale>0409:00000409</InputLocale>
            <SystemLocale>en-US</SystemLocale>
            <UILanguage>en-US</UILanguage>
            <UILanguageFallback>en-US</UILanguageFallback>
            <UserLocale>en-US</UserLocale>
            </component>
            
               <component name="Microsoft-Windows-PnpCustomizationsWinPE" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
            <DriverPaths>
                <PathAndCredentials wcm:action="add" wcm:keyValue="1">
                    <Path>c:\windows\ndis68</Path>
                </PathAndCredentials>
                <PathAndCredentials wcm:action="add" wcm:keyValue="2">
                    <Path>d:\windows\ndis68</Path>
                </PathAndCredentials>
                <PathAndCredentials wcm:action="add" wcm:keyValue="3">
                    <Path>x:\windows\ndis68</Path>
                </PathAndCredentials>
                <PathAndCredentials wcm:action="add" wcm:keyValue="4">
                    <Path>k:\windows\ndis68</Path>
                </PathAndCredentials>    
            </DriverPaths>            
            </component>
            
    </settings>


    <settings pass="oobeSystem">
        <component name="Microsoft-Windows-Shell-Setup" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
            <UserAccounts>
                <AdministratorPassword>
                    <Value>($PASS)</Value>
                </AdministratorPassword>
            </UserAccounts>
            <OOBE>
                <HideEULAPage>true</HideEULAPage>
            <SkipMachineOOBE>true</SkipMachineOOBE>
            <SkipUserOOBE>true</SkipUserOOBE>
            <HideOEMRegistrationScreen>true</HideOEMRegistrationScreen>
            <HideWirelessSetupInOOBE>true</HideWirelessSetupInOOBE>
        <ProtectYourPC>3</ProtectYourPC>
            </OOBE>
        </component>
        <component name="Microsoft-Windows-International-Core" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
            <InputLocale>en-US</InputLocale>
            <SystemLocale>en-US</SystemLocale>
            <UILanguage>en-US</UILanguage>
            <UserLocale>en-US</UserLocale>
        </component>
    </settings>

<settings pass="specialize">
    <component name="Microsoft-Windows-TCPIP" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
        <Interfaces>
            <Interface wcm:action="add">
                <Ipv4Settings>
                    <DhcpEnabled>false</DhcpEnabled>
                    <RouterDiscoveryEnabled>false</RouterDiscoveryEnabled>
                </Ipv4Settings>
                <Ipv6Settings>
                    <DhcpEnabled>false</DhcpEnabled>
                    <RouterDiscoveryEnabled>false</RouterDiscoveryEnabled>
                </Ipv6Settings>
                <Identifier>($WIN_MAC)</Identifier>
                <UnicastIpAddresses>
                    <IpAddress wcm:action="add" wcm:keyValue="1">($IP)/($NETMASK_SHORT)</IpAddress>
                    <IpAddress wcm:action="add" wcm:keyValue="2">($IPv6)/($NETMASKv6)</IpAddress>
                </UnicastIpAddresses>
                <Routes>
                    <Route wcm:action="add">
                        <Identifier>1</Identifier>
                        <Metric>10</Metric>
                        <NextHopAddress>($GATEWAYv4)</NextHopAddress>
                        <Prefix>0.0.0.0/0</Prefix>
                    </Route>
                    <Route wcm:action="add">
                        <Identifier>2</Identifier>
                        <Metric>10</Metric>
                        <NextHopAddress>($GATEWAYv6)</NextHopAddress>
                        <Prefix>::/0</Prefix>
                    </Route>
                </Routes>
            </Interface>
            <!--Interface wcm:action="add">
                <Ipv4Settings>
                    <DhcpEnabled>false</DhcpEnabled>
                    <RouterDiscoveryEnabled>false</RouterDiscoveryEnabled>
                </Ipv4Settings>
                <Ipv6Settings>
                    <DhcpEnabled>false</DhcpEnabled>
                    <RouterDiscoveryEnabled>false</RouterDiscoveryEnabled>
                </Ipv6Settings>
                <Identifier>Ethernet 2</Identifier>
            </Interface-->
        </Interfaces>
    </component>
    <component name="Microsoft-Windows-DNS-Client" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
        <Interfaces>
            <Interface wcm:action="add">
                <Identifier>($WIN_MAC)</Identifier>
                <DNSDomain>($HOSTNAME)</DNSDomain>
                <DNSServerSearchOrder>
                    <IpAddress wcm:action="add" wcm:keyValue="1">($NAMESERVER)</IpAddress>
                </DNSServerSearchOrder>
                <DisableDynamicUpdate>false</DisableDynamicUpdate>
                <EnableAdapterDomainNameRegistration>false</EnableAdapterDomainNameRegistration>
            </Interface>
        </Interfaces>
    </component>
    <component name="Microsoft-Windows-TerminalServices-LocalSessionManager" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS">
          <fDenyTSConnections>false</fDenyTSConnections>
      </component>
      <component name="Microsoft-Windows-TerminalServices-RDP-WinStationExtensions" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS">
          <UserAuthentication>0</UserAuthentication>
      </component>
    <component name="Networking-MPSSVC-Svc" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
        <FirewallGroups>
            <FirewallGroup wcm:action="add" wcm:keyValue="RemoteDesktop">
                <Active>true</Active>
                <Group>@FirewallAPI.dll,-28752</Group>
                <Profile>all</Profile>
            </FirewallGroup>
        </FirewallGroups>
    </component>
    <component name="Microsoft-Windows-Deployment" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
        <RunSynchronous>
           <RunSynchronousCommand wcm:action="add">
              <Description>Delete route</Description>
              <Order>1</Order>
              <Path>cmd /c echo IF "($IPv4)"=="" (route delete 0.0.0.0/0) ELSE IF "($IPv6)"=="" (route delete ::/0) >> %windir%\setup\scripts\SetupComplete.cmd</Path>
              <WillReboot>OnRequest</WillReboot>
           </RunSynchronousCommand>
           <RunSynchronousCommand wcm:action="add">
                       <Description>Disable Network Discovery</Description>
                       <Order>2</Order>
                       <Path>cmd /c echo cmd /c %windir%\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe -command "&amp; {&amp;'Disable-NetFirewallRule' –DisplayName '@FirewallAPI.dll,-32752'}" >> %windir%\setup\scripts\SetupComplete.cmd</Path>
                       <WillReboot>OnRequest</WillReboot>
           </RunSynchronousCommand>
                   <RunSynchronousCommand wcm:action="add">
                       <Description>Setting multiple nameservers</Description>
                       <Order>3</Order>
                       <Path>cmd /c echo cmd /c %windir%\setup\scripts\nameservers.cmd ($NAMESERVERS) >> %windir%\setup\scripts\SetupComplete.cmd</Path>
                       <WillReboot>OnRequest</WillReboot>
                   </RunSynchronousCommand>
           <RunSynchronousCommand wcm:action="add">
                       <Description>Enable language</Description>
                       <Order>4</Order>
                       <Path>cmd /c %windir%\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe %windir%\setup\scripts\lang.ps1 "($LANG)" >>%windir%\setup\scripts\lang.log 2>&amp;1</Path>
                       <WillReboot>Never</WillReboot>
                   </RunSynchronousCommand>
           <RunSynchronousCommand wcm:action="add">
              <Description>finish</Description>
              <Order>5</Order>
                      <Path>cmd /c echo cmd /c %windir%\setup\scripts\wget.exe -O- "($FINISH)" >> %windir%\setup\scripts\SetupComplete.cmd</Path>
              <WillReboot>OnRequest</WillReboot>
           </RunSynchronousCommand>
           <RunSynchronousCommand wcm:action="add">
                      <Description>Postinstall script listener</Description>
                      <Order>6</Order>
                      <Path>cmd /c IF "($HAS_RECIPE)"=="1" (echo cmd /c %windir%\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe  %windir%\setup\scripts\winrm_listener.ps1 "($HOSTNAME)" "($LOCATIONIP)") >> %windir%\setup\scripts\SetupComplete.cmd</Path>
                      <WillReboot>OnRequest</WillReboot>
                   </RunSynchronousCommand>
                   <RunSynchronousCommand wcm:action="add">
                       <Description>Put key</Description>
                       <Order>7</Order>
                       <Path>cmd /c echo ($PRODUCTKEY) >> %windir%\setup\key</Path>
                       <WillReboot>OnRequest</WillReboot>
                   </RunSynchronousCommand>
                   <RunSynchronousCommand wcm:action="add">
                       <Description>Activating windows</Description>
                       <Order>8</Order>
                       <Path>cmd /c echo cmd /c %windir%\setup\scripts\activate.cmd >> %windir%\setup\scripts\SetupComplete.cmd</Path>
                       <WillReboot>OnRequest</WillReboot>
                   </RunSynchronousCommand>
                   <RunSynchronousCommand wcm:action="add">
                       <Description>TZ setup</Description>
                       <Order>9</Order>
                       <Path>cmd /c IF NOT "($TIMEZONE)" == "()" ( IF NOT "($TIMEZONE)" == "" (tzutil /s "($TIMEZONE)"))</Path>
                       <WillReboot>OnRequest</WillReboot>
                   </RunSynchronousCommand>
           <RunSynchronousCommand wcm:action="add">
                  <Description>Enable administrator</Description>
                  <Order>10</Order>
                  <Path>net user administrator /active:yes</Path>
                  <WillReboot>OnRequest</WillReboot>
               </RunSynchronousCommand>
        </RunSynchronous>
    </component>
</settings>
    <cpi:offlineImage cpi:source="catalog:c:/distr/7601.17514.101119-1850_x64fre_server_eval_en-us-grmsxeval_en_dvd/sources/install_windows server 2008 r2 serverstandard.clg" xmlns:cpi="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:cpi" />
</unattend>

参考：

• https://github.com/bin456789/reinstall/blob/133054e9d16f3fa2bbf36c823659f305787eb66d/windows.xml
• https://forums.fogproject.org/topic/9323/windows-10-driver-injection-doesn-t-install-during-sysprep/12?lang=zh-CN&page=1
• https://techgenix.com/addingbootcriticaldriversduringunattendedinstallationofvista/
• https://www.elevenforum.com/t/a-super-easy-way-to-bypass-windows-11-hardware-requirements-for-clean-installs.2033/
• https://www.prime-expert.com/articles/b37/solving-this-pc-cant-run-windows-11-problem/
• https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/customize/desktop/unattend/microsoft-windows-pnpcustomizationsnonwinpe
• https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/manufacture/desktop/add-and-remove-drivers-to-an-offline-windows-image?view=windows-11
• https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/support/articles/000005778/ethernet-products.html

今天早餐后用牙线清洁牙齿时，我发现下排左边倒数第三个位置的牙齿松动。我用牙线柄轻轻一顶，牙齿竟然倾倒了约30度的角度，我再稍力一推，牙顺势“躺平”，我顿时觉得嘴里多了一件“杂物”，最后轻轻将牙取出。

我拿尺子粗略量了一下，牙冠长约 0.7cm；牙齿总长约 2.3cm；下部约 1/3 颜色显深褐，轻刮会起泥状物，估计系牙垢；牙齿称得 1.1g。

估计，平常人，牙齿露出牙龈部分仅占 1/4 ~ 1/5 之间，如果因为牙龈萎缩，牙齿露出超过 2/3 时，因为平时咀嚼使用，牙齿会有急剧松动和脱落的结果。

实例办理流程描述：先到相馆照相，拿到“数字相片回执”和相片（35元） -> 再到自助服务厅里找到和填写“出入境证件申请表”，同时粘好相片 -> 到“出入境”服务窗里交表，同时录入签名、指纹和缴费（120元）

我心头突然想办个护照，在网上搜索了下，简单了解了流程和所需材料。申请表里“前往地”和“事由”两个填写项，我问导师，该怎么填。导师说，“去越南娶新娘”。我觉得这个“事由”挺好的，所以今天在剃胡子后，特意默默背诵了几遍，准备被询问时能流利地回答。

我是约十点出门的，走路去县公安局的出入境服务部办。上个星期，和平好冷，这两天白天回暖，有点象“回南天”，水汽多，地面湿。我怕人多要排队耗时间，所以走得比平时快些。约十点八走到服务厅时，身子有点热了，可能是因为着了五件衫。大厅里人很少，出入境的服务台里只有一个办理着业务。我在长长的服务台里走了两遍，没找到纸质的申请表。

“吖叔，尔想办惹业务？”工作人员主动问我。
“我想办出国护照。”
“之前吖曾办过？”
“不曾。”
“爱影到数码相来。”
“驷乃里影？”
"对面有。"
“几多钱？”
“办护照120元。”
“影相呢？”
“30元。”那个来办理业务的人，热心地回答。
“尔问下相馆几多钱。”工作人员补充答。

我走出来，没到路对面影相，而是花了约15分钟，走到和平大道那一头的“四海数码店”影相。因为之前，听我老妈说，“四海”的老板也是彭寨人。“四海”收我35元。我问不是30元吗？老板指着墙上贴着的一张纸，说影护照相，是35元的收费标准。当我拿着“数字相片回执”返回到办证厅时，没其他顾客，就是我一个。

“填好表来。”我拿着“相片回执”想交给工作人员，她说。我左右看了下，表示不知道到哪里拿表。
“出边，自助服务厅里有表。”她说。
“用身份证……”我边走，边听到她说话。我停下脚步，侧头表示没有听清楚。
“用身份证刷卡开门。”她慢声地再说了一遍。

楼外边的“出入境自助办证服务厅”里没一个人，我刷了两下身份证，进去，找到表，填写好。在“前往地”里填写了“越南”，“事由”里勾选了“旅行”。虽然我心里想娶个越南新娘，但不能这么大胆地写，要含蓄一点的。

我交表给工作人员时，她说相片还没贴呢。哦，我赶紧从相馆给的纸袋里找到打印出来的蓝底彩色人头像，贴了一张上去。然后，我在一张纸上用笔书写签名。录完签名笔迹后，再录左、右两只手的拇指指纹。最后，是在打印出来的“因私出境证件受理回执”里扫码付款。我选择的是自取证件，不需快递派送。

办好出来，我沿着和平大道，去“坚强百货”买了一条鲈鱼。“坚强”鲈鱼今天的报价是16.9元/斤。

回到家时，已经十二点了。总结是，走路花了绝大部分时间，办证的时间可能也就五分钟左右。办证的工作人员讲和平本地话，亲切。办证进度可以在“国家移民管理局政务服务平台”里查询到。

需求：将 LiveCD grml.iso 保存在 ntfs 分区上，使用 grub4dos 来引导，加载 grml.iso 文件。

本例，硬盘是 MBR 分区，只有一个 NTFS 分区，已经安装有 Windows 22H2。grml.iso 保存在 C:\iso\grml.iso。

尝试：

1. 先安装 grub4dos, 将 grub4dos ，用 bcdedit 将 grub4dos 添加到启动菜单中

2. 这里的 C:\menu.lst 文件内容，其中 findiso 参数是让它能在设备中查找iso文件，toram=grml.squashfs 是避免 ntfs-3g 自动将 ntfs 分区挂载为“可读写”，导致重启或关机时会挂死

   title grml
   find --set-root --ignore-floppies --ignore-cd /iso/grml.iso
   map /iso/grml.iso (0xff)
   map --hook
   set opts=" toram=grml.squashfs dns=8.8.8.8 ip=192.168.1.108::192.168.1.1:255.255.255.0:testbox:eth0:off ssh=mima "
   kernel (0xff)/boot/grml/vmlinuz apm=power-off boot=live live-media-path=/live/grml/ bootid=grml001 findiso=/iso/grml.iso  nomce net.ifnames=0 %opts%
   initrd (0xff)/boot/grml/initrd.img
   map --unhook
   boot
   savedefault --wait=2

参考：

• https://wiki.grml.org/doku.php?id=rescueboot
• https://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/Debugging/#index2h1
• https://forums.opensuse.org/t/shutdown-stalls-at-reached-target-shutdown-auto-power-off-occurs-4-minutes-later/138324
• https://github.com/tuxera/ntfs-3g/wiki/NTFS-3G-FAQ
• https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/107978/cant-access-windows-drive-windows-is-hibernated-refused-to-mount
• https://askubuntu.com/questions/145902/unable-to-mount-windows-ntfs-filesystem-due-to-hibernation
• https://git.grml.org/?p=grml-live.git;a=blob_plain;f=templates/GRML/grml-cheatcodes.txt;hb=HEAD
• https://github.com/grml/grml/issues/206
• https://sources.debian.org/src/linux/3.16.56-1+deb8u1/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt/
• https://manpages.debian.org/bookworm/live-boot-doc/live-boot.7.en.html
• http://bbs.wuyou.net/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=421620
• http://bbs.wuyou.net/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=208607

现象：一台机子，在 fdisk 里查看，没有分区。尝试使用 testdisk，盲猜是 gpt 分区类型，自动分析出有三个分区。写入、保存磁盘分区信息后，机子无法自动引导到操作系统，提示 1234F: 。

尝试：估计磁盘的原有分区是 mbr ，并不是 gpt ，因为里边没有 EFI 分区，且原系统中，没有 efi 相关的文件。然后再次运行 testdisk ，将分区信息保存为 mbr 。再次重启机子，依然是 1234F: ，无法引导系统。最后，在急救系统里，grub-install 到磁盘，重新安装 grub 。之后，就可以看到 grub 的引导信息，顺利进入到 debian 系统了。

参考：

• https://forum.proxmox.com/threads/boot-error.107097/
• https://pve.proxmox.com/wiki/Recover_From_Grub_Failure
• https://forum.cgsecurity.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?t=6635