假设：RT5的访问网址是 https://rt.demo.anqun.org ，“售后”队列的收件箱是 support@rt.demo.anqun.org ，搭配 apache 与 mariadb 数据库。

步骤：

1. hostnamectl set-hostname rt.demo.anqun.org # 设置好主机名
2. apt update # 更新软件源
3. apt install mariadb-server # 先安装数据库
4. systemctl start mariadb # 启动数据库
5. apt install apache2 rt5-db-mysql rt5-apache2 rt5-fcgi request-tracker5 # 安装RT5，如果提示输入RT的实例名称，我这里是填写了完整的主机名 rt.demo.anqun.org，还会提示设置RT使用的数据库密码和默认用户root的密码
6. a2dismod mpm_event
7. a2enmod mpm_prefork # 切换apache的运行模块
8. a2enmod ssl # 启用https访问
9. /etc/request-tracker5/RT_SiteConfig.d/50-debconf.pm # 修改配置文件中的 $WebPath 为空，因为本例是访问到/路径

10. /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/rt.conf # RT的站点设置内容，如下：

    <VirtualHost *:443>
        ### Optional apache logs for RT
        # Ensure that your log rotation scripts know about these files
        # ErrorLog /opt/rt5/var/log/apache2.error
        # TransferLog /opt/rt5/var/log/apache2.access
        # LogLevel debug
        ServerName rt.demo.anqun.org
    
    SSLEngine on
    SSLCertificateFile  /root/.acme.sh/rt.demo.anqun.org_ecc/rt.demo.anqun.org.cer
    SSLCertificateKeyFile /root/.acme.sh/rt.demo.anqun.org_ecc/rt.demo.anqun.org.key
    SSLCertificateChainFile  /root/.acme.sh/rt.demo.anqun.org_ecc/ca.cer
    
        AddDefaultCharset UTF-8
        FcgidInitialEnv RT_SITE_CONFIG /etc/request-tracker5/RT_SiteConfig.pm
    # The defaults are unlikely to be big enough for an RT site handling
    # attachments
        FcgidMaxRequestLen 1073741824
    #        ScriptAlias / /opt/rt5/sbin/rt-server.fcgi/
    # Use the handler
    # Note: If you switch the configuration to be served up from / use a
    # trailing / - ie:
    #   ScriptAlias / /usr/share/request-tracker5/libexec/rt-server.fcgi/
    ScriptAlias / /usr/share/request-tracker5/libexec/rt-server.fcgi/
    
        DocumentRoot "/usr/share/request-tracker5/html"
    
    # Alias "/static" "/usr/share/request-tracker5/static"
    <Location />
    DirectoryIndex index.html
    #            Require all granted
    #            Options +ExecCGI
    #            AddHandler fcgid-script fcgi
    </Location>
    
    # Limit mail gateway access to localhost by default
    <Location /REST/1.0/NoAuth>
    <IfVersion >= 2.3>
        Require local
    </IfVersion>
    <IfVersion < 2.3>
        Order Allow,Deny
        Allow from 127.0.0.1
    </IfVersion>
    </Location>
    </VirtualHost>

11. systemctl restart apache2 # 重启apache服务后，看看能否访问到RT的web页面。如果root能成功登录，请创建“售后”的队列，且设置收件箱为support。简化测试，让everyone可以有创建和回复工单的权限
12. dpkg-reconfigure exim4-config # 配置 exim4 ，关键是填写收件箱的域，如 rt.demo.anqun.org 和监听的网络接口（本例是留空，表示在所有的网络接口里监听25端口）

13. /etc/exim4/conf.d/router/050_exim4-config_rt5support # 创建收件箱地址的router，内容如下：

    rt5support_router:
    driver = accept
    local_parts = support
    transport = rt5support_transport
    
    rt5supportcomment_router:
    driver = accept
    local_parts = support-comment
    transport = rt5supportcomment_transport

14. /etc/exim4/conf.d/transport/50_exim4-config_rt5support_pipe # 创建收件箱的pipe，内容如下：

    rt5support_transport:
     driver = pipe
     command = "/usr/bin/rt-mailgate --queue 售后 --action correspond --url https://rt.demo.anqun.org"
    
    rt5supportcomment_transport:
     driver = pipe
     command = "/usr/bin/rt-mailgate --queue 售后 --action comment --url https://rt.demo.anqun.org"

15. update-exim4.conf.template -r && update-exim4.conf && systemctl reload exim4 # 将exim4的配置更新
16. 如果顺利，发往suuport@rt.demo.anqun.org的邮件，会自动出现在“售后”队列中，从web里可以查看到

参考：

• https://packages.debian.org/bookworm/request-tracker5
• https://forum.bestpractical.com/t/rt-5-0-5-released/38616
• https://bestpractical.com/resources/

需求：通过csv文件，能批量导入邮箱地址和密码，如

chen10,nfhe7384,hmail2.demo.anqun.org
chen11,nfhe755t,hmail2.demo.anqun.org
chen12,nfhe755t,hmail3.demo.anqun.org

尝试：通过hMailServer的COM API，用vbs脚本可从csv文件读取邮箱用户、密码和域名。

脚本内容：

'#####the script#####
'# The EntryType can be one of two options, User or Alias. If the EntryType is User, then:
'#
'# EntryType = User
'# Field1 = Uername
'# Field2 = Password
'# Field3 = DomainName
'# Field4 = FirstName
'# Field5 = LastName
'#
'# If the EntryType is Alias, then:
'# EntryType = Alias
'# Field1 = AliasName
'# Field2 = ForwardingEmail
'# Field3 = DomainName
'#
'# To add USERS, for example, your CSV file should have the structured information (type, strUsername, strPassword, strDomain, strPersonFirstName, strPersonLastName), like below:
'# User,tjones,mypassword,jones.com,Tommy,Jones
'#
'# To add ALIAS, for example, your CSV file should have the structured information (type, strAlias, strAliasUsername, strDomain), like below:
'# Alias,tommy,tjones@jones.com,jones.com
'#
'# This would create a user names tjones@jones.com in the jones.com domain and an alias tommy@jones.com which will forward all e-mail to tjones@jones.com in the jones.com domain.
'####################

Option Explicit
Dim Elog
Dim obBaseApp
Dim objFSO
Dim objTextFile
Dim strNewAlias,i

Dim failed
Dim added
Dim domainsAdded

failed = 0
added = 0
domainsAdded = 0

'#####################################################################
'# Custom Variables regarding HMAIL admin password and file to be read
'#####################################################################
Dim hAdminpwd
Dim CSVFile
hAdminpwd = "hmailmima"
CSVFile = "bulk.csv"

Set Elog = CreateObject("hMailServer.EventLog")
Set obBaseApp = CreateObject("hMailServer.Application")

Call obBaseApp.Authenticate("Administrator",hAdminpwd) '*** N.B. 1. set your administrator password in this line

Const ForReading = 1
Set objFSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Set objTextFile = objFSO.OpenTextFile(CSVFile, ForReading) 'N.B. 2. Set your CSV path/filename in this line
On Error resume next
Do While objTextFile.AtEndOfStream <> True
    strNewAlias = split(objTextFile.Readline, ",")

    'Select Case lcase(trim(strNewAlias(0)))
       'Case "user"
          ' AddUser trim(strNewAlias(1)), trim(strNewAlias(2)), trim(strNewAlias(3)),trim(strNewAlias(4)),trim(strNewAlias(5))
       'Case "alias"
          'AddAlias trim(strNewAlias(1)), trim(strNewAlias(2)), trim(strNewAlias(3))
    'End Select
    
    AddUser trim(strNewAlias(0)), trim(strNewAlias(1)), trim(strNewAlias(2))
    
    If err.Number <> 0 Then    'error handling:
     Elog.Write("Failed add (probably duplicate)" & Chr(34) & vbTab & Chr(34) & strNewAlias(0) _
     & "," & strNewAlias(1) & "," & strNewAlias(2) & "," & strNewAlias(3))
     failed = failed + 1
     err.Clear
    Else
     added = added + 1
    End If
Loop
On Error goto 0
Elog.Write("Domains Added Sucessfully    = " & domainsAdded)
Elog.Write("Accounts Added Sucessfully   = " & added)
Elog.Write("Failed or Duplicate Accounts = " & failed)
Wscript.Echo ("Domains Added Sucessfully    = " & domainsAdded & VbNewLine _
            & "Accounts Added Sucessfully   = " & added & VbNewLine _
            & "Failed or Duplicate Accounts  = " & failed & VbNewLine & VbNewLine _
            & "See hmailserver_events.log for list of duplicates (if any)")

'###################
'# Usefull functions
'###################
Sub AddAlias(strAlias,strEmailAddress,strDomain)

   AddDomain strDomain

   Dim obDomain
   Dim obAliases
   Dim obNewAlias

   Set obDomain = obBaseApp.Domains.ItemByName(strDomain)
   Set obAliases = obDomain.Aliases
   Set obNewAlias = obAliases.Add()
   
   obNewAlias.Name = strAlias & "@" & strDomain 'username
   obNewAlias.Value = strEmailAddress 'password
   obNewAlias.Active = 1 'activates user
   obNewAlias.Save() 'saves account
   
   Set obNewAlias = Nothing
   Set obAliases = Nothing
   Set obDomain = Nothing
   
End Sub

'Sub AddUser(strUsername, strPassword, strDomain, strPersonFirstName, strPersonLastName)
Sub AddUser(strUsername, strPassword, strDomain)
   
   AddDomain strDomain
   
   Dim obDomain
   Dim obAccounts
   Dim obNewAccount

   Set obDomain = obBaseApp.Domains.ItemByName(strDomain)
   Set obAccounts = obDomain.Accounts
   Set obNewAccount = obAccounts.Add()
   
   obNewAccount.Address = strUsername & "@" & strDomain 'username
   obNewAccount.Password = strPassword 'password
   'obNewAccount.PersonFirstName = strPersonFirstName
   'obNewAccount.PersonLastName = strPersonLastName
   obNewAccount.Active = 1 'activates user
   obNewAccount.Maxsize = 0 'sets mailbox size, 0=unlimited
   obNewAccount.Save() 'saves account
 
   Set obNewAccount = Nothing
   Set obDomain = Nothing   
   Set obAccounts = Nothing
 
End Sub

Sub AddDomain(strDomain)
   Dim obNewDomain
   Set obNewDomain = obBaseApp.Domains.Add()
   obNewDomain.Name = strDomain
   obNewDomain.Active = True

   On Error resume next
   obNewDomain.Save()
   If err.Number = 0 Then
    domainsAdded = domainsAdded + 1
   End If
   err.Clear
 
   obBaseApp.Domains.Refresh()
End Sub

参考：

• https://www.hmailserver.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=197910#p197910
• https://www.hmailserver.com/documentation/latest/?page=com_example_account_create

现象：Windows 2012 R2 系统，无法通过“服务器管理器”和DISM命令安装.NET Framework 3.5，即使指定SxS安装源路径，一样报错。

尝试：查看已安装的Windows更新，检索其中与 .NET Framework 3.5 的更新。删除其中的 KB5029915 后，即可安装 .NET Framework 3.5。原因可能是当 Windows 2012 R2没有安装 .NET Framework 3.5 组件时进行了Windows Update，安装.NET Framework 3.5 的安全更新后，导致不能正常安装 .NET Framework 3.5。

参考：

• https://serverfault.com/questions/463604/unable-to-install-net-3-5-on-windows-server-2012
• https://learn.microsoft.com/zh-CN/troubleshoot/windows-client/application-management/dotnet-framework-35-installation-error
• https://support.microsoft.com/en-au/topic/october-10-2023-security-and-quality-rollup-for-net-framework-3-5-for-windows-server-2012-r2-kb5029915-1fda1364-8cfe-4531-a4e1-7eadff9ef6d3
• https://www.partitionwizard.com/clone-disk/how-to-get-a-list-installed-windows-10-updates.html

现象：magento首页或单页内容显示正常，但在产品分类页提示出错，如：

Exception #0 (Magento\Framework\Config\Dom\ValidationSchemaException): Processed schema file: public_html/vendor/magento/module-elasticsearch/etc/esconfig.xsd
complex type 'mixedDataType': The content model is not determinist.
Line: 18

#1 Magento\Framework\Config\Dom->_initDom() called at [vendor/magento/framework/Config/Dom.php:116]
#2 Magento\Framework\Config\Dom->__construct() called at [vendor/magento/framework/Config/Reader/Filesystem.php:196]
#3 Magento\Framework\Config\Reader\Filesystem->_createConfigMerger() called at [vendor/magento/framework/Config/Reader/Filesystem.php:151]
#4 Magento\Framework\Config\Reader\Filesystem->_readFiles() called at [vendor/magento/framework/Config/Reader/Filesystem.php:132]

尝试：将文件 vendor/magento/module-elasticsearch/etc/esconfig.xsd 中的这行内容删除或注释掉：<xs:element type="xs:string" name="default" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" />

原因可能是cPanel环境中，升级了xml，导致软件不兼容。

参考：

• https://magento.stackexchange.com/questions/371144/complex-type-mixeddatatype-the-content-model-is-not-determinist
• https://github.com/magento/magento2/issues/38254

尝试在debian 12.2系统里安装 iredmail-enterprise-1.0-beta1-linux-amd64。发现有两个问题：

1. web安装程序报错。搜索得，ntp 包对应的服务名是 ntpsec ，不是ntp 。 服务配置文件是：/lib/systemd/system/ntpsec.service
   TASK [ntp] Install ntp/chrony server to sync local time.
   ok: ntp

   TASK [ntp] Enable and restart ntp/chrony service.
   failed: ntp
   [ERROR] task error: failed in restarting service ntp: exit status 5, Failed to restart ntp.service: Unit ntp.service not found.

2. 通过web/admin 管理添加的用户，外网发信到这个用户会报错：said: 550 5.1.1 mailto:liu@iredmail.anqun.org: Recipient address rejected: User unknown (in reply to RCPT TO command) 这个用户是能登录到 roundcube。从服务器的shell里，也能通过命令行成功发信。作为对比，用web/iredadmin添加的用户，正常。删除之前报错的域，重新使用iredadmin添加回同一个域和用户，能从外网收信。尝试的解决方法是手动补上缺失的 forwardings 表内容：
   INSERT INTO forwardings (address, forwarding, domain, dest_domain, is_forwarding)
   VALUES ('liu@iredmail.anqun.org', 'liu@iredmail.anqun.org','iredmail.anqun.org', 'iredmail.anqun.org', 1);

参考：

• https://docs.iredmail.org/pro.html
• https://github.com/iredmail/iRedMail/blob/master/tools/create_mail_user_SQL.sh
• https://packages.debian.org/bookworm/ntp